What a verdict
actually looks like.

A real verdict is private to the two people in the dispute, permanently, and that makes it hard to show you what you would be getting. So these are the whole thing, start to finish, written on disputes we invented.

Sample

Every verdict on this page is a worked example built from a fictional dispute. No real case and no real person appears here.

SampleMoney

Split utilities after working from home

Two flatmates agreed an even split of utilities when both worked outside the home. One of them then worked from home for eight months, and the bills rose. Neither reopened the arrangement until the difference had built up.

Root cause

an agreement left in place after the facts it was based on had changed

The letter the first person receivesRead it

Sample The Verdict

This is not really a dispute about a hundred pounds of electricity. It is a dispute about whether the other person noticed that the arrangement between you had stopped being fair, and chose to say nothing. That is why the sum you are asking for is smaller than the effort you have spent asking for it, and it is worth being honest with yourself about that before you read the rest of this.

On the facts, you are substantially right about what changed. Someone working from home through a winter uses more heating and more electricity than someone who is out of the flat for nine hours a day, and the bills you submitted show exactly that pattern. The idea that nothing changed is not sustainable. Your instinct that the even split had stopped being an even split was correct.

But being right about that is not the same as having acted on it, and this is where the ruling goes against you in part. You noticed the first higher bill and paid it without comment. You noticed the second and did the same. You raised the matter twice, both times in passing, both times in a kitchen, and both times without a figure, a proposal, or a request for a decision. You then began keeping a private record of the difference. For eight months, the only person who knew there was a dispute was you.

An agreement between two people does not stop applying because the circumstances behind it changed. It stops applying when the people change it. Neither of you changed it. That is why you cannot simply present the arrears as a debt: what you are actually presenting is eight months in which you decided, privately, that you were owed something, and did not say so clearly enough for the other person to agree or refuse.

What you say you want is the money back. What you appear to want is an acknowledgement that you were being taken advantage of and that you were patient about it for longer than most people would have been. Those are different things, and only one of them can be paid. The risk of pursuing the first while wanting the second is that you can win the money and still feel exactly as you do now.

Responsibility here is shared, and it divides sixty forty against the other person. The change in circumstances was theirs. They could see the same bills you could, they knew what was causing the rise, and they answered both of your approaches by pointing at an agreement rather than proposing anything. That is the larger share of the fault. Your forty percent is the eight months of silence, and the fact that a specific number has still never been written down anywhere.

What this turns on is that neither of you ever proposed one. Had you sent a message in month two saying what you thought a fair split now looked like, this would either have been settled or it would have become entirely the other person's problem when they refused. That message is the missing thing, and it is still missing.

So write it now. Take the bills, month by month, and set the actual figures against the average from before the change. One page. Then do two separate things with it, in this order. First, propose a revised split going forward, with a number, and ask for a yes or a no. That question can be settled this week and it stops the problem growing while everything else is argued about. Second, and only after that, decide what the past eight months are actually worth to you, name that figure, and say it out loud rather than waiting to be offered something. If the answer to the second is no, you will at least be having the argument you are actually having, rather than the one about electricity.

The letter the second person receivesRead it

Sample The Verdict

The argument you are having is not about whether an agreement is binding. It is about the suggestion, which you have heard clearly even though nobody has said it plainly, that working from home is a cost you have been quietly imposing on somebody else. That is what you are resisting, and it is why every conversation about this has ended with the agreement being cited rather than the bills being read.

Start with what is true. You did not change the terms unilaterally, you did not hide anything, and nobody asked you for anything specific until this became a formal complaint. When the subject came up, it came up in passing, with no figure and no proposal attached, and it is genuinely difficult to agree to something nobody has stated. Your account of those conversations is credible, and the finding is that they were not made in a way you could act on.

That is the last part of this that runs in your favour. The bills rose, and they rose over a winter in which the flat was heated all day instead of standing empty. Attributing the entire increase to you would overstate it, and nobody is going to do that here. Attributing none of it to you requires ignoring the most obvious explanation for the change, and that is what you have been doing. You saw those bills too. You knew what had changed in the flat, because it was your working pattern that changed. The finding is not that you were dishonest. It is that you understood the arrangement had stopped matching reality and chose to treat the original agreement as an answer to that rather than as the thing that needed revisiting.

Two of the four issues here go against you, and the heavier one is this: you made any revision of the split conditional on the other person dropping their claim about the previous months. That is worth looking at squarely. Whatever you intended, the effect is that neither conversation can happen. The forward split cannot be agreed until the back claim is dropped, and the back claim will not be dropped while it is the only leverage available. Making one conversation the price of the other is a way of having neither, and it converted a question about a hundred pounds into a question about whether you take the other person seriously. That is a much worse dispute to be in and a harder one to end.

What you say you want is for the agreement to stand because it was the agreement. What you appear to want is not to be positioned as someone who has been taking something. Those are not the same, and the first is a poor way of getting the second. Defending the letter of an arrangement everybody can see has been outrun by events makes you look like a person who knows they are ahead.

Responsibility for this is shared and it falls sixty forty on you. The change was yours, you could see its effect, and you answered two approaches with a citation rather than a counter-offer. The other person's forty percent is that they said nothing specific for eight months, kept a private tally, and let a small problem compound into a large one.

What the whole thing turns on is that nobody has ever named a number. That is as available to you as it is to them, and doing it first would cost you very little and change the shape of this completely.

Concretely, three things. Separate the two questions and settle the forward split this week: propose a figure yourself, even a rough one, based on what you think a working day at home is actually worth in heating and power. Drop the condition, entirely and without trading it for anything, because it is the thing making you look unreasonable in an argument where you are otherwise not being unreasonable. And if you think the claim about the past eight months is unfair, say why in terms of the bills, month by month, rather than in terms of what was agreed a year ago. Those are arguments you can win. The one you have been making is not.

In a real case each person sees only their own letter, and neither ever reads the other’s account.

SampleWork

Credit claimed after final delivery

A project was presented to a client and to the wider team as the work of a manager who joined it after delivery. The person who built it raised this privately, twice, and received no substantive reply.

Root cause

a manager treating visibility over the work as ownership of it

The letter the first person receivesRead it

Sample The Verdict

You are right about the thing you are angry about, and you have been handling it in a way that is costing you an argument you had already won. Both of those are true at once, and this letter is going to be more useful to you than one that only said the first.

The finding on the facts is unambiguous. You did the work the client saw. The file history, the dates of the review meetings and the sequence of drafts are consistent across both accounts, and none of them places the other person on this project before final delivery. Describing that work in the first person, to the client and then again in an all-hands, is not a team convention. Presenting it as the team’s would have been a convention. Presenting it as yours when it was not is a claim, and it was made twice.

Your two private messages were also handled correctly, which matters more than you may think. Both were specific, both named the incident rather than the person’s character, and both were sent before you escalated anything. The reply to the first agreed that the attribution should be corrected. That reply is what decides this. It removes any reading in which the whole thing was a misunderstanding about how credit works on teams, because the correction was accepted as owed and then simply not made. The second message went unanswered for three weeks.

Responsibility for this dispute is the other person’s. Everything that has happened since follows from a public claim they were told about, agreed to fix, and did not fix.

Now the part that goes against you. When the second message went unanswered you raised it in a group channel, and you framed it around the person rather than around the work. That was predictable and it was human, and it has still cost you real ground. It gave the other person a grievance of their own, and it means the conversation inside the company is now partly about whether you handled it professionally, which is not a conversation you can win anything in. It did not change who is responsible. It changed what people are discussing.

What you say you want is a public correction. What you appear to want is for the record inside the company to reflect what you actually did, because your next move depends on that record and you can feel it slipping. Those are not the same, and it is worth being clear about which one you are pursuing. A public correction, if it comes, will be one sentence long, it will be delivered flatly, and it will not undo the impression already formed in the room. If you are counting on it to, you will be disappointed by a remedy you were entirely right to ask for.

The record is the thing worth fighting for, and it is pursued differently. Write the timeline once. Dates, artefacts, meetings, who was in them, what was delivered and when. No characterisation of anyone, and no reference to the all-hands or to the group channel. Send it to the person who actually owns your progression, not to the person you are in dispute with, and ask for a specific remedy in writing: a correction to the same audiences, or an attribution in the project record, or both. Name which.

Then stop raising it in public channels, entirely. It is the least effective venue available to you and it is the only one in which you can lose. The people whose opinion determines your next role are not persuaded in group chats, and several of them were on the project and already know exactly what happened. You have not checked which of them do. Do that before you spend anything else on this.

The letter the second person receivesRead it

Sample The Verdict

You described work as yours that you did not do, in front of the client and then in front of the company, and when the person who did it told you so, privately and specifically, you agreed to correct it and then did not. That is the finding, it is not close, and everything else in this dispute follows from it.

Both accounts agree on the timeline. They agree on when the project started, who was in the review meetings, when it was delivered, and when you joined it. There is no version of these facts in which the ambiguity you are relying on exists, and the reason that matters is not fairness in the abstract. It is that everyone who was on that project knows the same timeline you do. The room you are protecting yourself in is smaller than you think.

The first message you received was specific. It named the incident rather than your character, it was sent privately, and it gave you a straightforward way to close the matter. You replied agreeing that the attribution should be corrected. That reply is what decides this. Without it, there is a reading in which you genuinely understood the work as the team’s and described it loosely. With it, the correction was accepted as owed. It was then not made, and the second message asking about it sat unanswered for three weeks. Three weeks is not an oversight. It is a decision that was easier to make than the correction was.

What you say you want is for this to be dropped as a misunderstanding about how credit works on a team. What you appear to want is to avoid one specific admission: that you spoke about someone else’s work in the first person in a room they were not in. Those are different, and the first will not get you the second, because the people who would have to accept the misunderstanding were mostly in the room.

You are also now spending most of your energy on the group-channel escalation. It happened, it was a poor way to handle it, and it genuinely cost the other person ground. It is not what you are being asked about. Leading with it reads as an attempt to find a violation on the other side that is roughly the size of your own, and it is not the same size. It also has an obvious cause: two private messages, one broken commitment, and three weeks of silence.

Responsibility for this is yours. Not shared. The public claim was yours, the agreement to correct it was yours, and the failure to follow through was yours. The other person handled the ending badly. That changes how this looks, and it does not change who caused it.

There are three things to do, and the order matters. Correct the attribution in writing, to the same audiences that heard the original claim, without qualifying it and without pairing it with a complaint about how the matter was raised. A correction that arrives bundled with a grievance is not a correction. Then answer the second message, late, and say plainly why it went unanswered, because the silence is doing you more damage now than any explanation of it would. Finally, if you want to raise the group-channel escalation, raise it separately and afterwards. It is a real point and it will be heard as one, once the thing you actually owe has been paid.

This is recoverable. It is recoverable this week, at the cost of one uncomfortable message, and it becomes less recoverable every week you spend arguing about the manner in which you were caught.

In a real case each person sees only their own letter, and neither ever reads the other’s account.

SampleFriendship

A deposit, a cancellation, and eleven months

Two friends of nine years booked a trip, one paid the deposit, and the other withdrew six weeks out for reasons they described only vaguely. Neither has raised the money since, and they have not spoken properly in eleven months.

Root cause

a friendship in which neither person has ever said a difficult thing directly

The letter the first person receivesRead it

Sample The Verdict

You have not asked for the money. In eleven months, with a friendship of nine years on the other side of it, you have not once sent a message with a number in it. That is the fact this whole thing turns on, and it is worth sitting with before anything else, because it tells you what you are actually doing here.

The deposit is owed. Half of it, on any ordinary reading of a trip two people booked together, and nobody in either account disputes that. If this were about the money it would have been resolved in a single afternoon at some point last spring. It has not been raised once, by either of you, which means the money is not the dispute. It is the only concrete thing available to be aggrieved about, and it has been carrying a much heavier load than a deposit can carry.

What you are actually asking is whether you were the reason. Somebody withdrew from a trip six weeks out, gave you a reason too thin to be believed, and never came back to it. You have spent eleven months treating the thinness of that explanation as evidence about yourself. That is an understandable thing to do and it is not a sound thing to do: an excuse being vague tells you it is an excuse, and it does not tell you what it is concealing. You have filled the gap with the worst available answer and then read every subsequent absence as confirmation of it.

You also handled the moment itself in a way that made this outcome likely. When the explanation came, you accepted it and asked nothing. Not one follow-up question. That is the version of yourself you have brought to this friendship for nine years, and it is a real part of the root cause here: two people who have never said a difficult thing to each other directly, now finding out what that costs when something difficult finally happens.

Since then you have raised the deposit with mutual friends and never with the person who owes it. That is worth naming plainly. It is a way of testing whether the friendship is still there without risking anything yourself, and it does not work, because the person you are testing cannot see the test. What they can see is that you are discussing them.

The silence is not something that was done to you. Both of you describe the same eleven months in the same way: waiting for the other one to make contact, reading each shared occasion as proof that the other was avoiding them. You were both right and you were both the reason. Responsibility here is genuinely shared, and I mean that as a finding rather than as a way of not deciding.

Two things to do, and keep them separate. First, ask for the money. Plainly, in a message, with the number in it. It will settle within a day, and how it settles will tell you something real. Second, and separately, ask the actual question: whether the withdrawal was about you. Not as an accusation, and not wrapped inside the message about the deposit. One sentence, asked directly, of the person rather than of your friends.

You may not get a satisfying answer. There is a decent chance the real reason has nothing to do with you and is simply something they are ashamed of. But eleven months of guessing has already cost you more than the answer can, whatever it turns out to be, and you are the one holding the easier of the two messages to send.

The letter the second person receivesRead it

Sample The Verdict

You know the deposit is owed, you have known it for eleven months, and you have not sent it. That is the clearest fact in this dispute, and it is doing more damage than the trip ever did, because it is the one thing you could have done at any point that would have said what you have not been able to say.

Start with what is not held against you. You were entitled to withdraw. People withdraw from trips, six weeks out is not a betrayal, and nobody here is going to find that pulling out of a holiday is a moral failure. If you had said nothing at all beyond the fact of it, this would have been survivable.

The finding against you is about the explanation, not the withdrawal. You gave a reason you knew at the time was thin. You will have known how it sounded as you sent it. And then you never went back to it, for eleven months, while being entirely aware of how it had landed. A vague explanation is not a private one. Privacy is saying that you would rather not go into the reason. What you did instead was offer a reason too small to hold the decision, which is an invitation to guess, and the other person has spent nearly a year guessing. The answer they arrived at is that they were the reason. That is almost certainly worse than the truth, and it is the direct product of the gap you left.

What you say you want is to be left alone about a trip you were allowed to pull out of. What you actually want is for the real reason to stay private at no cost. It has not been free. It has cost you a nine-year friendship, and the cost is still accruing, because the other person is now discussing this with people you both know rather than with you.

They are not blameless, and this letter is not going to pretend otherwise. They accepted your explanation without asking a single question, decided privately what it meant, and then read eleven months of ordinary absence as evidence. They have never once asked you for the money either. Responsibility for the state of this friendship is genuinely shared, and it took two people to keep a silence that long. Both of you spent it waiting for a sign of goodwill neither of you was willing to offer first.

But you are the one holding the piece that unlocks it. Send the money. Today, unprompted, without waiting to be asked and without a message negotiating what it means. It is the sentence you have not been able to write, and it will be read as exactly what it is.

Then say something real. Either give the actual reason, whatever it is, or say plainly that you cannot give it and that it was not about them. Both of those are survivable, and both are far better than what has been standing in for them. The thing that is not survivable, apparently, is the gap, because it has now lasted eleven months and it is still being filled with the worst thing they can think of.

And make the first contact. You are waiting for an opening, and there is not going to be one. Nine-year friendships do not usually end in an argument. This is what it looks like when one ends instead by nobody being willing to go first.

In a real case each person sees only their own letter, and neither ever reads the other’s account.